How Europe and China fund open source — chapter with conclusions
Labels: F fact (sourced, evidence A/B) · C commitment (announced, not shown as spent) · I inference · P proposal.
Research
Every chapter is generated from the files in the public repository, so each figure can be traced to its source and evidence level.
Funding for open source: EU vs China, comparison tables in EUR
Grants (fondo perduto), adoption subsidies and tax credits for firms adopting strategic national open-source technologies are in scope; when only a rate or
How each side funds open source for sovereignty: modalities compared
1. Who decides and who manages the money? (ministry, agency, foundation, SOE, local bureau, EDIC)
How 34 major open-source projects are funded (EU and China)
1. FACT (A). The two Chinese state-flagship projects (OpenHarmony, openEuler) are financed through one channel stack: an anchor company (Huawei) that write
The Chinese open-source landscape: projects and code platforms
Research note, 3 Nov 2026. Scope: (1) the most influential and most used open-source projects that originate in China, (2) how Chinese developers use their
Chinese open-source foundations and OpenAtom finances
Research note, 2026-11-03. Evidence levels per METHODOLOGY.md §4. Self-reported figures are C unless they come from an official filing.
COSCon (China Open Source Conference) themes by year
Research note, 2026-11-03. Evidence levels per METHODOLOGY.md §4. KAIYUANSHE's blog posts and annual reports are self-published primary texts. They count a
Industrial open-source stacks in Europe and China
Scope decision of 2 Nov 2026: besides public-administration reuse, the observatory tracks how each side builds open-source stacks for its own industry. Rec
Open-source policy at EU, national, Chinese central and provincial level
Draft v0.1, 2 November 2026. Data: ../data/initiatives.json(../data/initiatives.json) (50 records). Source URLs: ../data/new_source_urls.txt(../data/new_so
Stakeholder map: institutions and organisations
Source of truth: ../data/stakeholders.json(../data/stakeholders.json) (133 entries; 111 in the first draft, 22 added on 2 Nov 2026). Built from the audienc
Literature review
Relevance: 1 = peripheral, 5 = must cite / closest competitor.
Methodology: sources, evidence levels, verification
The observatory follows two linked methodologies:
Research register: every line of research, including negative results
Each line of research is a branch that stays open over time. An entry records what was asked, how, what worked, what did not work, and how to re-run it. La
Research depth by area: centre vs periphery
Coverage = jurisdictions with at least one sourced record / total (27 member states; 31 Chinese provincial-level units).